ces.(谁也无法确知,但大多数专家认为,不需太久就难以靠这些资源提供充足的电力了。)
2) It is the uses to which television is put that determine its value to society. (电视对社会的价值取决于我们怎样去利用它。)
3) Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.(此外,措辞不准确与不确切还会使听话人难以理解传递给他的信息。)
6正义反译和反义正译
英汉两种语言均可以从正面或反面来表达同一概念。正义反译是指英语里有些从正面表达的词语或句子,译成汉语时可以从反面来表达;反义正译是指英语里有些从反面表达的词语或句子,译成汉语时可以从正面来表达。正义反译和反义正译是一种翻译方法,其目的是为了解决翻译过程中所遇到的表达方面的困难,使译文更通顺达意。
正义反译的示例:
例1But we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being "works of art".
[译文]:可是我们要牢记送到审读员面前的大量书刊、戏剧和电影远非"杰作"。
[注释]:(be) far from在英语里是正面表达,但其含义是not at all,故译为"远非,远不是,一点也不是"。如:Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. (你的工作一点也不令人满意。)
例2To criticize it (intelligence test) for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.
[译文]:批评智力测验不反映上述情况,犹如批评温度计不能测出风速一样。
[注释]:such failure是正面表达,但从上下文看,是指"An intelligence test does not measure character, social adjustments ...",故译为"不反映上述情况"。
注意:
1)所谓英语正面表达是指在原文中没有用no、not或带否定意义前缀的词,如:dishonest, impossible, indirect。
2)英语中有些词或短语常常正义反译,如:miss the bus(没有赶上公共汽车),live up to the Party's expectations(不辜负党的期望),be absent from the meeting(没有出席会议),a final decision(不可改变的决定),(be) at a loss (不知所措)等。
3)英语中有时原词所表达的并不是其字面意义,而是其字面意义的反义,或者说是对